Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

Could you please clean your room? Could you please clean your room? 你能打扫一下你的房间吗？

Section A

A 部分

Language Goals：Make polite requests; Ask for permission Language Goals：Make polite requests; Ask for permission 语言目标：礼貌地提出要求；请求许可 对话 Peter, colud you pleases take out the rubbish?
Sure, Mom. 彼得，你能把垃圾倒出来吗？
当然，妈妈。


1a

Do you do these chores at home? Discuss them with your partner. Do you do these chores at home? Discuss them with your partner. 你在家做这些家务吗？与你的伴侣讨论。 单词
  1. do the dishes
  2. take out the rubbish
  3. fold your clothes
  4. sweep the floor
  5. make your bed
  6. clean the living room
  1. 洗碗
  2. 倒垃圾
  3. 叠好衣服
  4. 扫地
  5. 整理床铺
  6. 打扫客厅


1b

Listen. Who will do these chores? Check (√) Peter's mother or Peter. Listen. Who will do these chores? Check (√) Peter's mother or Peter. 听谁来做这些家务？勾选（√）彼得的母亲或彼得。 录音对话 Mom：Peter, we need to clean the house. Your grandma is coming over at seven.
Peter：Sure, but I need to do my homework first.
Mom：OK. Then after you finish your homework, let's clean up the kitchen. I can do the dishes and sweep the floor. Could you please take out the rubbish?
Peter：Sure, Mom.
Mom：Good. And could you please make your bed and fold your clothes?
Peter：All right.
Mom：And let's see ... I have to clean the living room before your grandma arrives. 妈妈：彼得，我们需要打扫房子。你奶奶七点钟来。
彼得：当然，但我需要先做作业。
妈妈：好的。然后，你做完作业后，让我们打扫厨房。我会洗碗和扫地。你能把垃圾倒出去吗？
彼得：当然，妈妈。
妈妈：很好。你能整理床铺并叠好衣服吗？
彼得：好吧。
妈妈：让我们看看。。。我得在你奶奶来之前打扫客厅。
Chores Peter’s mother Peter
do the dishes
sweep the floor
take out the rubbish
make the bed
fold the clothes
clean the living room


1c

Make conversations about the chores in 1a. Make conversations about the chores in 1a. 就 1a 中的家务进行对话。 对话 A：Could you please sweep the floor?
B：Yes, sure. Can you do the dishes?
A：Well, could you please do them? I'm going to clean the living room.
B：No problem. A：你能扫地吗？
B：是的，当然。你会洗碗吗？
A：好吧，你能做吗？我要打扫客厅。
B：没问题。


2a

Listen. Peter asks his father if he can do four things. What does his father say? Check (√) yes or no. Listen. Peter asks his father if he can do four things. What does his father say? Check (√) yes or no. 听彼得问他父亲能不能做四件事。他父亲说什么？勾选（√）是或否。 录音对话 Peter：Hey, Dad?
Dad  ：Yes?
Peter：Could I go out for dinner with my friends tonight?
Dad  ：Sure, that should be OK.
Peter：Could I go to the movies after that? My friends said the new action movie is really good.
Dad  ：I guess so. But don't stay out late.
Peter：Could I stay out until eleven? We might get something to drink after the movie.
Dad  ：No, you can't. You have a basketball game tomorrow, remember? You need to have a good rest.
Peter：Oh, yeah. Well, could you give me a ride to town now? If I take the bus, I'll be late.
Dad  ：I can't, Peter. I have to do some work now.
Peter：Oh, OK. No problem. I'll call Alan. Maybe his dad can give me a ride. 彼得：嘿，爸爸？
爸爸：是吗？
彼得：今晚我能和朋友出去吃饭吗？
爸爸：当然，应该没问题。
彼得：那之后我可以去看电影吗？我的朋友们说这部新动作片真的很好。
爸爸：我想是的。但别在外面呆得太晚。
彼得：我能在外面待到十一点吗？看完电影后我们可能会喝点东西。
爸爸：不，你不能。你明天有篮球比赛，记得吗？你需要好好休息。
彼得：哦，是的。好吧，你现在能载我去城里吗？如果我坐公共汽车，我会迟到的。
爸爸：我不能，彼得。我现在必须做点工作。
彼得：哦，好的。没问题。我会打电话给艾伦。也许他爸爸可以载我一程。
Peter wants to … Peter’s father says … His father’s reasons
go out for dinner. _________ yes _________ no I have to do some work.
go to the movies. _________ yes _________ no You have to clean your room.
stay out late. _________ yes _________ no I need to eat breakfast.
get a ride. _________ yes _________ no You have a basketball game.


2b

Listen again. Why does Peter's father say "no"? Draw lines to the reasons in the chart in 2a. Listen again. Why does Peter's father say "no"? Draw lines to the reasons in the chart in 2a. 再听一遍。为什么彼得的父亲说“不”？在 2a 的图表中画出原因。


2c

Make conversations between Peter and his father. Make conversations between Peter and his father. 在彼得和他父亲之间进行对话。 对话 A：Could I use your computer?
B：Sorry. I'm going to work on it now.
A：Well, could I watch TV?
B：Yes, you can, but first you have to clean your room. A：我可以用一下你的电脑吗？
B：对不起。我现在就着手做。
A：我可以看电视吗？
B：是的，你可以，但首先你必须打扫你的房间。


2d

Role-play the conversation. Role-play the conversation. 角色扮演对话。 对话 Sister ：Tony, could you please help out with a few things?
Brother：Could I at least finish watching this show?
Sister ：No. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!
Brother：Fine. What do you want me to do?
Sister ：Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes?
Brother：So much?
Sister ：Yes, because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. And she won't be happy if she sees this mess.
Brother：But the house is already pretty clean and tidy!
Sister ：Yes, well, it's clean, but it's not "mother clean"! 姐姐：托尼，你能帮我做点什么吗？
兄弟：我至少可以看完这个节目吗？
姐姐：没有。我想你看两个小时的电视就够了！
兄弟：好。你想让我做什么？
姐姐：你能倒垃圾、叠衣服、洗碗吗？
哥哥：那么多？
姐姐：是的，因为妈妈很快就会购物回来。如果她看到这一团糟，她不会高兴的。
哥哥：但是房子已经很干净整洁了！
姐姐：是的，嗯，它很干净，但它不是 “妈妈干净”！


3a

Read the story and answer the questions. Read the story and answer the questions. 阅读故事并回答问题。 问答
  1. Why was Nancy's mom angry with her?
  2. Did they solve the problem? How?
  1. 南希的妈妈为什么生她的气？
  2. 他们解决了问题吗？怎样？
 短文 Last month, out dog welcomed me when I can home from school. He wanted a walk, but I was too tired. I threw down my bag and went to the living room. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. "Could you please take the dog for a walk?" she asked.

"Could I watch one show first?" I asked. "No!" she replied angrily. "You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! I can't work all day and do housework all evening."

"Well, I work all day at school, too! I'm just as tired as you are!" I shouted back.

My mom did not say anything and walked away. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. Finally, I could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.

The next day, my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.

"What happened?" she asked in surprise.

"I'm so sorry, Mom. I finally understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home," I replied. 上个月，当我放学回家时，我们的狗欢迎我。 他想去散步，但我太累了。 我扔下书包，向客厅走去。 我刚坐在电视机前，我妈妈就走了过来。 “你能带狗出去散散步吗？ ”她问。

“我能先看一个节目吗？” 我问。 “不！ 她生气地回答。 “你总是看电视，从来不帮忙做家务！ ”我不能整天工作，整个晚上都做家务。”

“嗯，我也整天在学校工作！ ”我和你一样累！” 我喊道。

我妈妈什么也没说就走开了。 整整一个星期，她没有做任何家务，我也没有。最后，我找不到一个干净的盘子或一件干净的衬衫。

第二天，我妈妈下班回家，发现房子干净整洁。

“发生了什么事？ 她惊奇地问。

“我很抱歉，妈妈。 我终于明白了，我们需要分担家务，才能有一个干净舒适的家，”我回答。


3b

Read the sentences below. Underline the sentences from the reading that mean the same thing. Read the sentences below. Underline the sentences from the reading that mean the same thing. 阅读下面的句子。在阅读中意思相同的句子下面划线。 短语
  1. Neither of us did any housework for a week.
  2. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.
  3. You're tired, but I'm tired, too.
  1. 我们两个一星期都没做家务。
  2. 我一坐在电视机前，妈妈就过来了。
  3. 你累了，但我也累了。


3c

Decide whether the underlined words in the sentences are verbs or nouns. Then write another sentence using the underlined word in the other form. Decide whether the underlined words in the sentences are verbs or nouns. Then write another sentence using the underlined word in the other form. 判断句子中带下划线的单词是动词还是名词。然后用另一种形式的带下划线的单词写另一个句子。 短语
  1. Could you take the dog for a walk? (noun) -> I walked home from school. (verb)
  2. Could I watch one show first? _________
  3. I can't work all day. _________
  4. You watch TV all the time. _________
  5. "What happened?" she asked in surprise. _________
  1. 你能带狗去散步吗？（名词）-> 我放学步行回家。（动词）
  2. 我可以先看一场吗 _________
  3. 我不能整天工作 _________
  4. 你总是看电视 _________
  5. “发生了什么事？” 她惊讶地问道 _________


Grammar Focus

语法重点
Could I go out for dinner with my friends? Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie? No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk? OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish? Yes, sure.


4a

Write R for requests and Pfor permission. Then match each one with the correct response. Write R for requests and Pfor permission. Then match each one with the correct response. 为请求写 R，为权限写 P。然后将每个答案与正确的答案进行匹配。 问答
  1. _________ Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?
  2. _________ Could you please pass me the salt?
  3. _________ Could I borrow that book?
  4. _________ Could you help me do the dishes?
  5. _________ Could you lend me some money?

 a. Yes, here you are.
 b. Hmm. How much do you need?
 c. Yes, sure. No problem. I finished reading it last night.
 d. Yes, but don't come back too late.
 e. No, I can't. I cut my finger and I'm trying not to get it wet.
  1. _________ 电影结束后我能和朋友们出去玩吗？
  2. _________ 你能把盐递给我吗？
  3. _________ 你能借那本书吗？
  4. _________ 你能帮我洗碗吗？
  5. _________ 你能借我一些钱吗？

 a.是的，给你。
 b.嗯。你需要多少钱？
 c.是的，当然。没问题。我昨晚读完了。
 d.是的，但回来不要太晚。
 e.不，我不能。我的手指被割伤了，我尽量不把它弄湿。


4b

Fill in the blanks in the conversation. Fill in the blanks in the conversation. 填空。 对话 A：I hate to do chores.
B：Well, I hate some chores too, but I like order chores.
A：Really? Great! Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?
B：What do you need help with?
A：Could you please fold my clothes for me?
B：I don't want to do that! It's boring!
A：OK. Then would you help do the dishes for me?
B：Sure, no problem. But could we go to the movies after that?
A：Sure. I'll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. Then we can go to the movies. A：我讨厌做家务。
B：嗯，我也讨厌一些家务活，但我喜欢点家务活。
A：真的吗？太棒了！那我能请你帮我做些家务吗？
B：你需要什么帮助？
A：你能帮我叠衣服吗？
B：我不想那样做！太无聊了！
A：好的。那你能帮我洗碗吗？
B：当然，没问题。但是在那之后我们可以去看电影吗？
A：当然。你帮我洗碗的时候，我会完成作业的。然后我们可以去看电影。


4c

Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart. Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart. 列出你的团队在露营旅行中需要做的事情。然后讨论谁来做，并完成图表。 对话 A：Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang?
B：Sure. And could you please ... ?
C：Sorry, I can't. I have to ... A：刘畅，你能带个帐篷来吗？
B：当然。你能不能？
C：对不起，我不能。我必须 ...


Section B

B 部分


1a

What do teenagers ask their parents' permission for? What do parents ask their teenagers to do? Write parents or teenagers next to each phrase. What do teenagers ask their parents' permission for? What do parents ask their teenagers to do? Write parents or teenagers next to each phrase. 青少年向父母要求什么？父母要求他们的青少年做什么？在每个短语旁边写下父母或青少年。 短语 _________ 1. buy some drinks and snacks teenagers
_________ 2. borrow some money _________
_________ 3. clean your room _________
_________ 4. invite my friends to a party _________
_________ 5. go to the store _________
_________ 6. use your CD player _________
_________ 7. take out the rubbish _________
_________ 8. make your bed _________ _________1.买些饮料和零食青少年
_________2.借点钱 _________
_________3.打扫你的房间 _________
_________4.邀请我的朋友参加聚会 _________
_________5.去商店 _________
_________6.使用您的CD播放器 _________
_________7.倒垃圾 _________
_________8.整理床铺 _________


1b

Use the phrases in 1a to make conversations. Use the phrases in 1a to make conversations. 使用 1a 中的短语进行对话。 对话 Parent：Could you clean your room?
Child：Yes, I can.

Child：Could I invite my friends to a party?
Parent：No, you can't have a party. You have a test on Monday. 家长：你能打扫房间吗？
孩子：是的，我可以。

孩子：我可以邀请我的朋友参加聚会吗？
家长：不，你不能开派对。你星期一要考试。


1c

Listen to a conversation between Sandy and her mom. Check (√) the things in 1a that you hear. Listen to a conversation between Sandy and her mom. Check (√) the things in 1a that you hear. 听桑迪和她妈妈的对话。勾选（√）你听到的 1a 中的内容。 录音对话 Sandy：Could I invite my friends to a party on Saturday, Mom?
Mom ：Of course! That sounds like fun.
Sandy：Yeah. Um ... could I borrow some money?
Mom ：What for?
Sandy：I need to buy some drinks and snacks. Could I go to the store?
Mom ：Well, I'm going tomorrow, and I can buy some drinks and snacks for you.
Sandy：Oh, good. Thanks, Mom.
Mom ：You're welcome. Oh, could you clean your room?
Sandy：I cleaned it last week.
Mom ：You need to clean it again for your party.
Sandy：OK. At the party, could I use your CD player?
Mom ：Yes, if you're careful with it.
Sandy：Don't worry, Mom!
Mom ：Now, there are a few other things I want you to do before the party. Could you please move the big chairs to the bedroom and clean the living room?
Sandy：Sure. Dave is coming early on Saturday, so he can help me. 桑迪：妈妈，我可以邀请我的朋友参加星期六的聚会吗？
妈妈：当然！听起来很有趣。
桑迪：是的。嗯。。。我能借点钱吗？
妈妈：为什么？
桑迪：我需要买些饮料和零食。我可以去商店吗？
妈妈：好吧，我明天要去，我可以给你买些饮料和零食。
桑迪：哦，太好了。谢谢妈妈。
妈妈：不客气。哦，你能打扫你的房间吗？
桑迪：我上周打扫过了。
妈妈：你需要为聚会再打扫一遍。
桑迪：好的。在聚会上，我能用一下你的CD播放器吗？
妈妈：是的，如果你小心的话。
桑迪：别担心，妈妈！
妈妈：现在，聚会前我还想让你做几件事。你能把大椅子搬到卧室，打扫客厅吗？
桑迪：当然。戴夫星期六会早点来，这样他就可以帮我了。


1d

Listen again. Fill in the chart. Listen again. Fill in the chart. 再听一遍。填写图表。
People What are they going to do?
Sandy’s mom
Sandy invite her friends,
Sandy and Dave


1e

You are having a party. Ask your partner for help with these things: You are having a party. Ask your partner for help with these things: 你正在开派对。向你的伴侣寻求以下方面的帮助： 单词 go to the store   buy drinks and snacks   do the dishes   clean the living room   take out the rubbish 去商店；买饮料和零食；洗碗；打扫客厅；倒垃圾 对话 A：Could you please take out the rubbish?
B：Yes, sure. A：你能把垃圾倒出来吗？
B：是的，当然。


2a

Discuss the questions with your partner. Discuss the questions with your partner. 与你的搭档讨论这些问题。 问题
  1. What do you often do the help your parents at home?
  2. Do you think kids should help out with chores at home?
  1. 你经常在家里帮助父母做什么？
  2. 你认为孩子们应该帮忙做家务吗？


2b

The Sunday Mail magazine invited parents to write about whether they think young people should do chores at home. Read the following letters. Which one agress and which one disagrees? The Sunday Mail magazine invited parents to write about whether they think young people should do chores at home. Read the following letters. Which one agress and which one disagrees? 《星期日邮报》杂志邀请家长们写一篇关于他们是否认为年轻人应该在家做家务的文章。阅读以下字母。哪个同意，哪个不同意？ 短文 Skimming
This means looking quickly through a piece of writing to find the main idea without reading every word. It is still a good idea to read the first sentence in each paragraph a little more carefully.

Dear Sir,
I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. Kids these days already have enough stress from school. They do not have time to study and do housework, too. Housework is waste of their time. Could we just let them do their job as students? They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. Also, when they get older, they will have to do housework so there is no need for them to do it now. It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. I do not mind doing them.
Ms. Miller

Dear Sir,
I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. It is not enough to just get good grades at school. Children these days depend on their parents too much. They are always asking, "Could you get this for me?" or "Could you help me with that?" Doing chores helps to develop children's independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. It also helps them to understand the idea of fairness. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. Our neighbors' son got into a good college but during his first year, he had no idea how to take care of himself. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
Mr. Smith
 略读
这意味着快速浏览一篇文章，找到主旨，而不是逐字逐句地阅读。 更仔细地阅读每段的第一句话仍然是一个好主意。

亲爱的先生，
我不明白为什么有些父母让他们的孩子在家帮忙做家务和杂务。 现在的孩子已经承受了足够多的学校压力。 他们也没有时间学习和做家务。 做家务是浪费他们的时间。 我们能让他们做学生该做的事吗？ 他们应该把时间花在功课上，以便取得好成绩，进入一所好大学。 此外，当他们长大了，他们将不得不做家务，所以没有必要让他们现在做。 在家里为孩子提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的责任。 不管怎样，我认为做家务并不难。 我不介意做这些。
Miller女士

亲爱的先生，
我认为孩子们学会如何做家务并帮助父母做家务是很重要的。 仅仅在学校取得好成绩是不够的。 现在的孩子太依赖父母了。 他们总是问：“你能帮我拿这个吗？ ”或者“ 你能帮我吗？” 做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性，并教会他们如何照顾自己。 这也有助于他们理解公平的概念。 因为他们和父母住在一个房子里，他们应该知道每个人都应该尽自己的一份力量来保持房子的干净和整洁。 我们邻居的儿子进了一所好大学，但在第一年，他不知道如何照顾自己。 结果，他经常生病，成绩下降。 孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
Smith先生


2c

According to Ms. Miller and Mr. Smith, what are the pros and cons about kids doing chores? According to Ms. Miller and Mr. Smith, what are the pros and cons about kids doing chores? 根据米勒女士和史密斯先生的说法，孩子们做家务的利弊是什么？
Pros Cons
Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence. Housework is a waste of children’s time.


2d

Write one sentence with each phrase from the letters. Write one sentence with each phrase from the letters. 用字母中的每个短语写一句话。 短语
  1. a waste of time _________
  2. there is no need for ... to _________
  3. do not mind _________
  4. spend time on _________
  5. in order to _________
  6. it is not enough to _________
  7. the earlier ... the better _________
  1. 浪费时间 _________
  2. 没有必要 ... 至 _________
  3. 不介意 _________
  4. 花时间 _________
  5. 为了 _________
  6. 仅仅 _________
  7. 越早 ... 越好 _________


2e

Discuss the questions with a partner. Discuss the questions with a partner. 与合作伙伴讨论问题。 问题
  1. Which letter do you agree with? Why?
  2. What would you say to the person who wrote the letter you don't agree with?
  1. 你同意哪封信？为什么？
  2. 你会对写你不同意的信的人说什么？


3a

Do you think children should do some chores at home? Why or why not? Discuss this with a partner and take notes. Do you think children should do some chores at home? Why or why not? Discuss this with a partner and take notes. 你认为孩子们应该在家做些家务吗？为什么？与合作伙伴讨论并做笔记。


3b

Write a letter to the Sunday Mail and express your opinion. Write a letter to the Sunday Mail and express your opinion. 给《星期日邮报》写封信，表达你的意见。 信件 Dear Sir or Madam,
I think / believe that _________ .
I agree / disagree that _________ .
I think it is fair / unfair for children to _________ .
I think children should / should not _________ .
because _________ .
For example, they should / should not _________ .
because _________ .
Yours truly,
_________ 尊敬的先生或女士，我认为/相信 _________ 。
我同意/不同意 _________ 。
我认为对孩子来说 _________ 是公平/不公平的。
我认为孩子们不应该 _________ 。
因为 _________ 。
例如，他们应该/不应该 _________ 。
因为 _________ 。
真诚的，_________


Self Check

1、Make a list of chores using these verbs. 1、Make a list of chores using these verbs. 1、用这些动词列一张家务清单。 短语
  1. do _________
  2. clean _________
  3. make _________
  4. fold _________
  5. sweep _________
  6. take out _________
  1. 做 _________
  2. 清洁 _________
  3. 制作 _________
  4. 折叠 _________
  5. 清扫 _________
  6. 取出 _________
2、Are these polite requests or permission? Write the numbers in the correct places in the chart. 2、Are these polite requests or permission? Write the numbers in the correct places in the chart. 2、这些是礼貌的请求还是许可？把数字写在图表的正确位置。 问题
  1. Could you please do your homework?
  2. Could I watch TV?
  3. Could you take out the rubbish first?
  4. Could I use your computer?
  5. Could I leave now?
  6. Could you come back before nine?
  1. 你能做作业吗？
  2. 我可以看电视吗？
  3. 你能先倒垃圾吗？
  4. 我能用一下你的电脑吗？
  5. 我现在可以走了吗？
  6. 你能在九点前回来吗？
3、Use the questions in activity 2 to write a conversation. 3、Use the questions in activity 2 to write a conversation. 3、利用活动 2 中的问题编写一段对话。


Words and Expressions

单词汉语词性
rubbish垃圾；废弃物n.
take out the rubbish倒垃圾
fold折叠；对折v.
sweep（swept）扫；打扫v.
floor地板n.
mess杂乱；不整洁n.
throw（threw）扔；掷v.
all the time频繁；反复
neither也不
两者都不		adv. 也不
pron. 两者都不
shirt衬衫n.
as soon as一 ... 就 ...
pass给；递；走过；通过v.
borrow借；借用v.
lend（lent）借给；借出v.
finger手指n.
hate厌恶；讨厌v.
chore杂物；乏味无聊的工作n.
while与 ... 同时；当 ... 的时候；而；然而conj.
snack点心；小吃；快餐n.
stress精神压力；心理负担n.
waste浪费；垃圾
浪费；滥用		n. 浪费；垃圾
v. 浪费；滥用
in order to目的是；为了
provide提供；供应v.
anyway而且；加之adv.
depend依靠；信赖v.
depend on依靠；信赖
develop发展；壮大v.
independence独立n.
fairness公正性；合理性n.
since因为；既然
从 ... 以后；自 ... 以来		conj. 因为；既然
prep.，conj. & adv. 从 ... 以后；自 ... 以来
neighbor（= neighbour）邻居n.
take care of照顾；处理
ill有病；不舒服adj.
drop落下；掉下v.
independent独立的；自主的adj.
fair合理的；公正的adj.
unfair不合理的；不公正的adj.
Sandy桑迪（女名）


Notes on the Text

1. Tony, could you please help out with a few things? 托尼，你能帮忙做几件事吗？
 help out（with something） 是一个动词短语，表示在某人繁忙或遇到困难时 ”给予帮助“。再如本单元中这句话：
 You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你老是看电视，从不帮忙干家务。
 另外，在 help 和 out 之间还可加入具体的 ”人“。

例如：

Can you help me out? 你能帮我一把吗？
They helped (us) out with the clean-up. 他们帮助我们做大扫除。

2. … because Mom will be back from shopping any minute nw. … 因为妈妈随时都会买完东西回来。
 any minute now 是一种常见的口语表达法，相当于 ”随时；马上；在任何时刻“ 的意思，表示事情有可能在极短的时间内发生或眼下就要发生。在者一结构中，minute 还可用 second, moment, time 等词替换。

例如：

The guests are arriving any time now but we’re still not ready. 客人们即刻就到，但我们还没有准备好。
We’re ecpecting them any moment now. 我们期待他们随时到来。

3. ”What happened?“ she asked in surprise. 她惊讶地问道：”发生什么事了？“
 此句中介词短语 in surprise 表示状态，意思是 ”吃惊地；惊讶地“。

再如：

She looked at me in great surprise and asked after a long while, “Dida’t you just leave for Australia this morning?” 她极其惊讶地看着我，好长一会儿才问道：”你不是今早才离开去澳大利亚了吗？“

4. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable enviroment at home for their children. 在家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。
 此处代词 it 仅为形式上的主语，真正的主语是 to provide … for their children。我们也可将 It is one’s job (duty, …) to do something. 视为一个固定的句型，表示 ”做某事是某人的工作（职责等）“。

又如：

It’s every teacher’s job to explain things clearly to the students. 把东西给学生将明白是每一位老师应做的事情。

5. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 反正我觉得干点家务也不太难。
 anyway 是一个副词，若喂于句首，其后往往会有逗号将其与句子的其他内容隔开。anyway 在此句中的作用是追求评论，相当于汉语的 ”反正；仍然；依然“。

又如：

Sam didn’t get the job, but he’s not unhappy because it didn’t pay well anyway. 萨姆没有得到那份工作，但他并没有闷闷不乐，反正薪酬也不算高。

 anyway 还可用来表示 ”不管怎样；无论如何“ 之意，

例如：

It’s just a cold. But anyway, you should still see the doctor. 这只不过是感冒，但不管怎样，你还是应该看看医生。

6. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
 “the + 比较级 + …，the + 比较级 + …” 是英语中一个常用的句型结构，表示 ”越 …，就越 …“。

又如：

The more he explained, the better we understood. 他解释得越多，我们就理解得越透彻。
Many people believe that the more a person reads, the wiser he will become. 很多人相信一个人书读得越多就会变得越聪明。