Unit 1 How can we become good learners?

How can we become good Iearners? How can we become good Iearners? 我们怎样才能成为好的学习者？

Section A

A 部分

Language Goal：Talk about how to study Language Goal：Talk about how to study 语言目标：谈论如何学习


1a

Check (√) the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study. Check (√) the ways you study English. Then add other ways you sometimes study. 勾选（√）你学习英语的方式。然后添加你有时学习的其他方式。 短语 _________ a. by working with friends
_________ b. by making word cards
_________ c. by reading the textbook
_________ d. by listening to tapes
_________ e. by asking the teacher for help _________ a.通过与朋友合作
_________ b.制作单词卡
_________ c.通过阅读课本
_________ d.通过听磁带
_________ e.向老师寻求帮助 短语 I study by making word cards. 我通过制作单词卡来学习。


1b

Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above. Listen. How do these students study for a test? Write letters from 1a above. 听这些学生是如何为考试而学习的？从上面 1a 开始写信。 录音对话 Boy  ：Hey, everybody. There's a big test on Tuesday. I really need some help. Can you tell me how you study for a big test?
Voices ：Sure! Yes. Sure we will.
Boy  ：You did really well on the last English test, didn't you, Meiping?
Meiping：Yeah, I did OK.
Boy ：Well, how did you study for it?
Meiping：By making word cards.
Boy ：Maybe I'll try that. So, how do you study for a test, Peter?
Peter ：By asking the teacher for help. She's always happy to answer my questions.
Boy ：That's interesting. How do you study, Tony?
Tony  ：I like to study by listening to tapes. But sometimes my mother thinks I'm listening to music. And then she gets mad.
Boy ：Oh, maybe I won't do that then. 男孩：嘿，大家好。星期二有一场大考试。我真的需要一些帮助。你能告诉我你是如何为一场大考学习的吗？
声音：当然！对。当然，我们会的。
男孩：梅萍，你上次英语考试考得很好，是吗？
梅萍：是的，我做得还可以。
男孩：那么，你是怎么学习的？
梅萍：通过制作单词卡片。
男孩：也许我会试试。那么，彼得，你是怎么为考试学习的？
彼得：向老师求助。她总是很乐意回答我的问题。
男孩：这很有趣。你是怎么学习的，托尼？
托尼：我喜欢听磁带学习。但有时我妈妈以为我在听音乐。然后她就生气了。
男孩：哦，也许我不会那么做。 人名
  1. Meiping
  2. Peter
  3. Tony
  1. 梅平
  2. 彼得
  3. 托尼


1c

Make conversations about how you study for a test. Make conversations about how you study for a test. 就你如何为考试学习进行对话。 对话 A：How do you study for a test?
B：I study by working with a group. A：你是如何为考试而学习的？
B：我和一个小组一起学习。


2a

Listen and check (√) the questions you hear. Listen and check (√) the questions you hear. 听录音，勾选你听到的问题。 录音对话 Man：Welcome to the English club. Today we're going to talk about the best ways to learn English. Does anyone learn English by watching videos?
Girl ：No. It's too hard to understand spoken English.
Boy：What about keeping a diary in English? Do you learn English that way?
Girl：Yes, I do. It helps to write English every day.
Boy：Have you ever studied with a group?
Girl：Yes, I have! I've learned a lot that way.
Boy：Do you have conversations with friends in English?
Girl：Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.
Girl：What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?
Boy：I do that sometimes. I think it helps.
Girl：I do, too. And I often look up new words in a dictionary.
Boy：That's a great idea! 男人：欢迎加入英语俱乐部。今天我们要谈谈学习英语的最佳方法。有人通过看视频学习英语吗？
女孩：没有。英语口语太难理解了。
男孩：用英语记日记怎么样？你是这样学英语的吗？
女孩：是的，我喜欢。每天写英语很有帮助。
男孩：你曾经和一群人一起学习过吗？
女孩：是的，我有！我通过这种方式学到了很多。
男孩：你和朋友用英语交谈吗？
女孩：哦，是的。这确实提高了我的口语技能。
女孩：大声朗读练习发音怎么样？
男孩：我有时会这样做。我认为这有帮助。
女孩：我也是。我经常在字典里查生词。
男孩：好主意！
Questions Answers
1. _________ Does anyone learn English by watching videos? _________
2. _________ Do you have conversationis with friends in English? _________
3. _________ What about listening to tapes? _________
4. _________ what about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? _________
5. _________ Have you ever studied with a group? _________


2b

Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above. Listen again. Match each answer below with a question above. 再听一遍。将下面的每个答案与上面的一个问题进行匹配。 短语 a. Yes, I have. I've learned a lot that way.
b. Oh, yes. It really improves my speaking skills.
c. I do that sometimes. I think it helps.
d. No. It's too hard to understand spoken English. a.是的，我有。通过这种方式我学到了很多。
b.哦，是的。它确实提高了我的口语能力。
c.我有时也这样做。我认为这有帮助。
d.不。英语口语太难理解了。


2c

Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b. Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b. 使用 2a 和 2b 中的信息进行对话。 对话 A：Have you ever studied with a group?
B：Yes, I have. I've learned a lot that way. A：你曾经和一个小组一起学习过吗？
B：是的，我有。通过这种方式我学到了很多。


2d

Role-play the conversation. Role-play the conversation. 角色扮演对话。 对话 Jack ：Annie, I'm a little nervous. I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday.
Annie ：That doesn't sound too bad.
Jack ：But I'm a very slow reader.
Annie ：Just read quickly to get the main ideas at first. Don't read word by word. Read word groups.
Jack ：But I don't understand many of the words. I have to use a dictionary.
Annie ：Try to guess a word's meaning by reading the sentences before and after it. You probably understand more than you think.
Jack ：That sounds difficult!
Annie ：Well, be patient. It takes time. You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day. The more you read, the faster you'll be. 杰克：安妮，我有点紧张。我必须读完一本书，下周一做报告。
安妮：听起来还不错。
杰克：但是我的阅读速度很慢。
安妮：只要快速阅读，一开始就能领会大意。不要逐字逐句地读。阅读单词组。
杰克：但是我听不懂很多单词。我得用字典。
安妮：试着通过阅读单词前后的句子来猜测它的意思。你可能理解得比想象的要多。
杰克：听起来很难！
安妮：好吧，耐心点。这需要时间。你可以通过每天阅读你喜欢的东西变得更好。你读得越多，速度就越快。


3a

Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions. Read the passage about Wei Fen and answer the questions. 阅读关于魏奋的文章并回答问题。 问题
  1. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?
  2. What did she do in English class?
  3. What is the secret to language learning?
  1. 为什么魏奋觉得学英语很难？
  2. 她在英语课上做了什么？
  3. 学习语言的秘诀是什么？
 短文

How I Learned to Learn English


Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just hid behind my textbook and never said anything.

Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. I also learned useful sentences like "It's a piece of cake" or "It serves you right". I did not understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked them up in a dictionary.

Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.

我是如何学会学习英语的


去年，我不喜欢我的英语课。 每节课都像一场噩梦。 老师讲得太快了，大多数时候我都听不懂她的话。 因为我的发音不好，我不敢问问题。 我只是躲在课本后面，什么也没说。

然后有一天我看了一部叫《玩具总动员》的英语电影。 我爱上了这部既刺激又有趣的电影！ 所以我也开始看其他的英语电影。 虽然我不能理解人物所说的一切，但他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解了意思。 我也意识到我可以通过听关键词来理解意思。 通过听英语电影中的对话，我的发音也得到了提高。 我发现听有趣的东西是学习语言的秘诀。 我还学会了一些有用的句子，比如“小菜一碟”或“活该”。 起初我不懂这些句子。 但是因为我想了解这个故事，我在字典里查了它们。

现在我真的很喜欢我的英语课。 我想学习新单词和更多的语法，这样我就能更好地理解英语电影。


3b

Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching movies. Use words and phrases from the passage. Complete the sentences with what Wei Fen learned from watching movies. Use words and phrases from the passage. 用魏奋从看电影中学到的知识来完成这些句子。使用文章中的单词和短语。 短语
  1. I can understand the meaning by watching their body language and the expressions on their faces.
  2. I can get the meaning by listening for just the key words.
  3. My pronunciation improved by listening to the interesting conversations in English movies.
  4. I learned useful sentences like "It's a piece of cake" by watching the movies.
  5. I can find the meaning of new words by looking them up in a dictionary.
  1. 我可以通过观察他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情来理解他们的意思。
  2. 我只听关键词就能理解意思。
  3. 通过听英语电影中有趣的对话，我的发音提高了。
  4. 我通过看电影学会了一些有用的句子，比如“这是块蛋糕”。
  5. 我可以通过查字典来找到新词的意思。


Grammer Focus

语法重点
How do you learn English? I learn by studying with a group.
Do you learn English by reading aloud? Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.
How can I read faster? You can read faster by reading word groups.
How can I improve my pronunciation? One way is by listening to tapes.


4a

Match the questions and answers. Match the questions and answers. 匹配问题和答案。 问题
  1. How do you practice speaking?
  2. How do you learn new words?
  3. How do you improve your writing?
  4. How do you practice listening?
  5. How do you improve your pronunciation?
  6. How do you learn grammar?

 a. By watching English programs.
 b. By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.
 c. By having conversations with friends.
 d. By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.
 e. By making word cards.
 f. By writing e-mails to my pen pals.
  1. 你是如何练习口语的？
  2. 你是如何学习新单词的？
  3. 你是如何提高写作水平的？
  4. 你是如何练习听力的？
  5. 你是如何提高发音的？
  6. 你是如何学习语法的？

 a.通过观看英语节目。
 b.听录音并大声重复。
 c.与朋友交谈。
 d.通过做笔记、做练习和大量阅读。
 e.通过制作单词卡。
 f.给我的笔友们写电子邮件。


4b

Make sentences using the structure "do sth. by doing" with the subjects in the box and information that is true for you. Make sentences using the structure "do sth. by doing" with the subjects in the box and information that is true for you. 使用 “通过做某事” 的结构造句，框中的主题和对你来说真实的信息。 单词 math   physics   chemistry   Chinese   history   geography 数学；物理学；化学；中文；历史；地理 短语 e.g. I usually practice my English by taking notes / reading book and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns. 我通常通过做笔记 / 阅读书籍和报纸 / 与同学说英语 / 记忆句型来练习英语。


4c

Check (√) what you do to learn English. Then interview your partner. Check (√) what you do to learn English. Then interview your partner. 勾选（√）你学习英语的方法。然后采访你的伴侣。 对话 A：Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?
B：Yes, I do.
A：How often do you do them?
B：... A：你通过做语法练习来学习英语吗？
B：是的，我知道。
A：你多久做一次？
B：...


Section B

B 部分


1a

Learning English can be difficult. What things are difficult for you? Read the list. Check (√) the statements that are true for you. Learning English can be difficult. What things are difficult for you? Read the list. Check (√) the statements that are true for you. 学习英语可能很困难。什么事情对你来说很难？阅读列表。勾选（√）对你来说正确的陈述。 短语 _________ I can't pronounce some of the words.
_________ I can't always understand spoken English.
_________ I don't know how to increase my reading speed.
_________ I can't spell some English words.
_________ I often make mistakes in grammar. _________ 有些单词我不会发音。
_________ 我不能总是听懂英语口语。
_________ 我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。
_________ 我不会拼写一些英语单词。
_________ 我经常犯语法错误。


1b

What other things are difficult for you? Make a list. What other things are difficult for you? Make a list. 还有哪些事情对你来说很难？列一个清单。 短语
  1. I don't know enough words to write well.
  2. _________
  3. _________
  1. 我知道的单词不够好。
  2. _________
  3. _________


1c

Paul finds it difficult to learn English. Listen and complete the learning challenges he talks about. Paul finds it difficult to learn English. Listen and complete the learning challenges he talks about. 保罗发现学英语很难。听录音，完成他所说的学习挑战。 录音对话 Ms. Manson：You look worried, Paul.
Paul     ：I am, Ms. Manson. I'm having trouble learning English.
Ms. Manson：You said you liked English. What's the problem?
Paul     ：I can't get the pronunciation right.
Ms. Manson：Well, listening can help. Why don't you listen to English songs on the radio and repeat the difficult words?
Paul     ：That's a good idea. But what about all the new words? I forget a lot of the new words.
Ms. Manson：You can always write the new words in your notebook and review them from time to time. You can even study on the subway on the way to school.
Paul     ：That might really help! Thanks.
Ms. Manson：Can you understand when people talk to you?
Paul     ：Well, not always. Sometimes I just don't understand what people are saying.
Ms. Manson：Why don't you join an English language club to practice speaking English? The English club meets after school on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Paul     ：Maybe I'll go. The only other problem is that I don't get much writing practice.
Ms. Manson：Maybe you should find a pen pal.
Paul     ：That sounds like a fun way to practice writing. Thanks, Ms. Manson. 曼森女士：保罗，你看起来很担心。
保罗：是的，曼森女士。我学习英语有困难。
曼森女士：你说你喜欢英语。有什么问题吗？
保罗：我发音不对。
曼森女士：嗯，倾听会有所帮助。你为什么不听听收音机里的英文歌曲，重复那些难词呢？
保罗：好主意。但是那些新单词呢？我忘记了很多新单词。
曼森女士：你总是可以在笔记本上写下新单词，并不时复习。你甚至可以在上学的路上在地铁上学习。
保罗：这可能真的有帮助！谢谢。
曼森女士：你能理解别人跟你说话吗？
保罗：嗯，并非总是如此。有时候我就是不明白人们在说什么。
曼森女士：你为什么不加入一个英语俱乐部练习说英语呢？英语俱乐部每周二和周四放学后开会。
保罗：也许我会去。唯一的另一个问题是我没有得到太多的写作练习。
曼森女士：也许你应该找个笔友。
保罗：这听起来像是一种有趣的写作练习方式。谢谢你曼森女士。 短语  Challenges
  1. He can't get the pronounciation right.
  2. He forgets a lot of new words.
  3. He can't always understand when people talk to him.
  4. He doesn't get much writing practice.
  挑战
  1. 他发音不对。
  2. 他忘了很多新词。
  3. 当人们和他说话时，他并不总是能听懂。
  4. 他没有太多的写作练习。


1d

Listen again. Complete the solutions. Listen again. Complete the solutions. 再听一遍。完成解决方案。 短语  Solutions
  1. You can help.
  2. He can always write the new words in his notebook and review them from time to time.
  3. He can join an English Club to practice speaking.
  4. He should find a pen pal to practice writing.
  解决方案
  1. 你可以帮忙。
  2. 他总是能把新单词写在笔记本上，并不时复习。
  3. 他可以加入英语俱乐部练习口语。
  4. 他应该找个笔友练习写作。


1e

Role-play conversations using the information in 1c and 1d. Role-play conversations using the information in 1c and 1d. 使用 1c 和 1d 中的信息进行角色扮演对话。 对话 A：I don't have a partner to practice English with.
B：Maybe you should join an English club. A：我没有搭档练习英语。
B：也许你应该加入一个英语俱乐部。


2a

What good learning habits can you think of? Make a list and discuss them with your partner. What good learning habits can you think of? Make a list and discuss them with your partner. 你能想出什么好的学习习惯？列出清单，并与你的伴侣讨论。


2b

Read the passage quickly and check if any of the habits you listed in 2a are mentioned. Which four habits of successful learners can you find from the passage? Read the passage quickly and check if any of the habits you listed in 2a are mentioned. Which four habits of successful learners can you find from the passage? 快速阅读这篇文章，检查是否提到了你在 2a 中列出的任何习惯。从这篇文章中你能发现成功学习者的四个习惯是什么？ 短语 USING DICTIONARIES
This can help you find the definition that matches the context of the word in the text. 词典的用途
这可以帮助您找到与文本中单词上下文匹配的定义。 短文

How Can You Become a Successful Learner?

Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. Research shows that successful learners have some good habits in common.

Creating an interest in what they learn

Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting. For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English. This way they will not get bored.

Practicing and learning from mistakes

Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. Remember, "Use it or lose it." Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it. "Practice makes perfect." Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes. Alexander Graham Bell did not invent the telephone overnight. He succeeded by trying many times and learning from his mistakes.

Developing their study skills

It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way they can study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review what they have learned. They may do this by reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student.

Asking questions

Good learners often ask questions during or after class. They even ask each other and try to find out the answers. Knowledge comes from questioning.
Learning is lifelong journey because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.

你如何成为一名成功的学习者？

每个人生来都有学习的能力。 但你能否做好这一点取决于你的学习习惯。 研究表明，成功的学习者有一些共同的好习惯。

对所学内容产生兴趣

研究表明，如果你对某件事感兴趣，你的大脑就会更活跃，你也更容易长时间地关注它。 好的学习者经常把他们需要学习的东西和有趣的东西联系起来。 例如，如果他们需要学习英语，他们喜欢音乐或体育，他们可以听英语歌曲或看英语体育节目。 这样他们就不会感到无聊。

练习并从错误中学习

好的学习者会思考他们擅长什么，他们需要更多地练习什么。 记住，“要么用，要么丢。” 即使你学得很好，你也会忘记它，除非你使用它。 “熟能生巧。” 好的学习者会不断地练习他们所学到的东西，他们不怕犯错误。 亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔不是一夜之间发明电话的。 他通过多次尝试和从错误中吸取教训而成功。

培养他们的学习技能

仅仅努力学习是不够的。 好的学习者知道他们学习的最佳方式。 例如，他们可以通过写下关键词或画思维导图来做笔记。 他们还会寻找方法来复习所学的知识。 他们可以通过每天阅读笔记或向其他学生解释信息来做到这一点。

提出问题

好的学习者经常在课上或课后提问。 他们甚至互相询问，试图找出答案。 知识来自质疑。

学习是一生的旅程，因为每天都会有新的收获。 你所学的一切都会成为你的一部分，改变你，所以聪明地学习，好好学习。


2c

Read the passage again and answer the questions. Read the passage again and answer the questions. 再读一遍并回答问题。 问题
  1. Does the writer think that everyone is born with the ability to learn well? Do you agree? Why or why not?
  2. Why is it a good idea to connect something you need to learn with something you are interested in?
  3. What do the sayings "Use it or lose it" and "Practice makes perfect" mean? Do you agree with them?
  4. Do good learners learn from mistakes, or are they afraid of making mistakes?
  5. What study skills does the writer talk about? Do you have those study skills?
  6. Do you agree that learning is a lifelong journey? Why or why not?
  1. 作者是否认为每个人天生都有学好的能力？你同意吗？为什么？
  2. 为什么把你需要学习的东西和你感兴趣的东西联系起来是个好主意？
  3. “要么用，要么丢”和“熟能生巧”是什么意思？你同意他们的观点吗？
  4. 优秀的学习者是从错误中学习，还是害怕犯错？
  5. 作者谈到了哪些学习技巧？你有这些学习技能吗？
  6. 你同意学习是一辈子的旅程吗？为什么？


2d

Look up the follwing words from the passage in the dictionary. Then write a sentence for each word. Look up the follwing words from the passage in the dictionary. Then write a sentence for each word. 查字典里这段话中的下列单词。然后为每个单词写一个句子。


2e

Do you think you are a good learner? What learning habits do you think are useful? Discuss with your group and share your ideas with the class. Do you think you are a good learner? What learning habits do you think are useful? Discuss with your group and share your ideas with the class. 你认为你是一个好的学习者吗？你认为哪些学习习惯有用？与小组讨论，并与全班同学分享你的想法。


3a

You friend wants to improve his/her English and asks you for help. What are the three best ways to learn and why? Make some notes in the chart. You friend wants to improve his/her English and asks you for help. What are the three best ways to learn and why? Make some notes in the chart. 你的朋友想提高他的英语水平，并向你寻求帮助。学习的三种最佳方式是什么？为什么？在图表中做一些笔记。
Best ways to learn Reasons Examples
1. Being interested in what you do If you are interested in something, your brain will be more active and … If you like music, you can learn English by listening to English songs.
2.
3.


3b

Write a letter to your friend. Give him/her some advice about the best ways to learn English. Use your notes in 3a. Write a letter to your friend. Give him/her some advice about the best ways to learn English. Use your notes in 3a. 给你的朋友写封信。就学习英语的最佳方法给他/她一些建议。使用 3a 中的笔记。 短语 Use the following expressions to help you:
There are three good ways to ...
I think you should ...
If you do this, you will ...
It is also a good idea to ... because ...
You could try to improve your English by ...
This will help you to ... 使用以下表达式可以帮助您：
有三个好方法 ...
我认为你应该 ...
如果你这样做，你会 ...
这也是一个好主意 ... 因为
你可以试着通过…来提高你的英语 ...
这将帮助您 ...


Self Check

1、Fill in the blanks with teh words in the box. 1、Fill in the blanks with teh words in the box. 1、用方框中的单词填空。 单词 practice   take notes   develop   until   remember   worry about   prepare   everything 练习；记笔记；发展；直到；记住；担心；准备；每件事 短文 Are you stressed out each time you have a test? You don't have to be if you develop smart study skills. Remember to take notes in class and review them on your own or with friends after class. Then practice what you learned by doing exercises. Try to study and remember information bit by bit instead of waiting until the last minute to study everything at once. If you prepare well for a test, then there's nothing to worry about! 你每次考试都压力很大吗？如果你能培养出聪明的学习技能，你就不必如此。记得在课堂上做笔记，课后自己或和朋友一起复习。然后通过练习练习你学到的东西。试着一点一点地学习和记住信息，而不是等到最后一刻才一次学习所有内容。如果你为考试做好了充分的准备，那么就没有什么可担心的了！
2、Number these sentences in order or make a conversation. 2、Number these sentences in order or make a conversation. 2、把这些句子按顺序编号或进行对话。 短语 _________ What's the matter?
_________ Well, I practice my listening by listening to the tape over and over again until I can understand everything.
_________ So you want to practice your listenling?
_________ Hi, Jake. I need your help.
_________ Uh-huh. Do you have any advice?
_________ OK, I'll try that.
_________ I have a listening test next week. _________ 怎么了？
_________ 嗯，我通过一遍又一遍地听磁带来练习听力，直到我能听懂所有的东西。
_________ 所以你想练习你的列表？
_________ 嗨，杰克。我需要你的帮助。
_________ 嗯。你有什么建议吗？
_________ 好的，我试试。
_________ 下周我有一个听力测试。
3、Give advice to these people. 3、Give advice to these people. 3、给这些人提建议。 短语 1. Jane is a very slow reader.
  She should improve her reading speed reading word groups.
2. Li Ming wants to improve his listening.
  He could practice his listening by listening to tapes.
3. Meiping doesn't know many English words.
  She could learn more words by making the word cards. 1.简是一个阅读速度很慢的人。
 她应该提高阅读单词组的速度。
2.李明想提高他的听力。
 他可以通过听磁带来练习听力。
3.梅萍不懂很多英语单词。
 她可以通过制作单词卡来学习更多的单词。


Words and Expressions

单词汉语词性
textbook教科书；课本n.
conversation交谈；谈话n.
aloud大声地；出声地adv.
pronunciation发音；读音n.
sentence句子n.
patient有耐心的
病人		adj. 有耐心的
n. 病人
expression表情；表示；表达式n.
discover发现；发觉v.
secret秘密；秘诀
秘密的；保密的		n. 秘密；秘诀
adj. 秘密的；保密的
look up（在词典、 参考书中或通过电脑）查阅；抬头看
grammar语法n.
repeat重复；重做v.
note笔记；记录
注意；指出		n. 笔记；记录
v. 注意；指出
pal朋友；伙伴n.
physics物理；物理学n.
chemistry化学n.
memorize记忆；记住v.
pattern模式；方式n.
pronounce发音v.
increase增加；增长v.
speed速度n.
review回顾；复习v. & n.
partner搭档；同伴n.
born出生
天生的		v. 出生
adj. 天生的
be born with天生具有
ability能力；才能n.
create创建；创造v.
brain大脑n.
active活跃的；积极的adj.
attention注意；关注n.
pay attention to注意；关注
connect（使）连接；与 ... 有联系v.
connect ... with把 ... 和 ... 连接或联系起来
overnight一夜之间；在夜间adv.
knowledge知识；学问n.
lifelong终身的；毕业的adj.
wisely明智地；聪明地adv.
Annie安妮（女名）
Alexander Graham Bell亚历山大 · 格雷厄姆 · 贝尔


Notes on the Text

1. Don’t read word by word. Read word groups. 不要一个字一个字地读，要按意群读。
 1）此句中介词   表示连续或反复， 意为 “（一个）接着（一个）；（一个）又（一个）”。

例如：

one by one 一个接一个
little by little 一点一点
year by year 年复一年
setp by step 一步一步
They went out of the classroom one by one. 他们一个接着一个走出了教室。

 2）word group 表示 “词组；意群”，指语言使用中表达意思相对完整的一组词语。在口语中， 说话者应将其连贯说出，表达一个完整的意思。在阅读时，也应按意群读，以便更好地理解文章意思，加快阅读速度。

2. It takes time. 这得慢慢来。
 动词 take 可用来表示 “花费；消耗” 时间。但在 It takes time. 和 Please take your time. 这样的句子中，他们所表达的意思是 “不着急；慢慢来”。

例如：

You can take your time. 你慢慢来。
A：These dresses are really nice and I can’t decide which one to buy. 这几条裙子都很漂亮，我不知道该买哪一条。
B：Well, try them on and see how they look on you. Take your time. There’s no hurry. 嗯，你它们都试试，看看穿上怎么样。你慢慢来，不着急。

3. I also learned useful sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. 我还学会了像 “这简直是小菜一碟” 和 “你活该” 这样的有用的句子。
 a piece of cake 和 serve somebody right 是英语中的两个习惯用语，也可称作习语（idiom）。同汉语中的成语类似，习语是人们在长期的语言运用中确定或形成的一种固定表达方式，其意思往往不是字面所表达的含义。

如：

a piece of cake 表示事情非常简单、 易于解决，相当于汉语中的 “小菜一碟；小事一桩”；
server somebody right 则相当于汉语说某人 “活该”。

再如：

It’s a piece of cake to you, but for me it’s quite different. 那对你来说是小菜一碟，但对我而言却完全不同。
A：Tommy came late again and was punished by Mr. Morton. 汤米又迟到了，被莫顿老是罚了。
B：Serves him right. I told him yesterday to arrive early. 他活该，我昨天还告诉他要早到呢。

4. I can’t pronounce some of the words. 有些单词我不会读。
I can’t spell some English words. 有些英语单词我拼不出来。
 以上两个否定句中，只能用 some 而不用 any，因为 some 表示其中 “一些”（单词），北非 ”全部“ 单词；若用 any，那么 I can’t pronounce / spell any of the words. 则表示 ”所有的单词都不会读（拼写）“any 强调的是 ”任何的；所有的“。some 和 any 的运用要看具体的语境和句子所要表达的意义，而不是简单认为否定句或疑问句中不可使用 some。在疑问句中， 特别是在表示请求、建议和反问时，也往往使用 some，因为 some 在这些语句中体现的是说话者肯定的含义。

例如：

Can I have some of your cake? 我可以吃些你的蛋糕吗？
Shall we try some local food? 我们尝试一下当地的食物如何？
Why can’t we just build some more parks? 为什么我们九不能修建更多的公园呢？

5. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. 但是你能否做好取决于你的学习习惯。
 1）此句中 whether or not you can do this well 是一个从句，用作整个句子的主语。这种从句作 ”主语从句“。

又如：

Whether you did it right or wrong isn’t so important. What’s important is the experience you gained. 你做对做错都不重要，重要的是你从中获得了经验。

 2）whether or not 是英语从句的一个连词结构，意思和功能均相当于 whether，表示 ”是否“，常出现在宾语从句、主语从句中。使用时，也可把 whether 和 or not 分开，or not 放到句尾。

例如：

I can’t tell whether or not the teacher likes me. 我不知道老是喜不喜欢我。
此句也可以写成：I can’t tell whether the teacher likes me or not.

6. Alexander Graham Bell 亚历山大 · 格雷厄姆 · 贝尔
 亚历山大 · 格雷厄姆 · 贝尔（1847 - 1922）是出生于苏格兰的美国气工程学家、发明家、企业家和聋哑教育家。贝尔以发明电话闻名于世。他在 1877 年申请并获得电话专利权时仅 29 岁。贝尔电话（AT & T 公司的前身）于 1877 年成立。贝尔一生致力于科技发明和聋哑人教育领域，他还为创办美国 ”国家地理学会“（National Geographic Society）和科普期刊《科学》（Science）杂志作出了贡献。

7. Knowledge comes from questioning. 知识源于质疑。
 question 作动词，放在介词 后面要用它的 -ing 形式，在本句中是 ”质疑；质问“ 的意思。

例如：

I just accepted what he told me. I never thought to question it. 我只是相信了他告诉我的花，从来没有质疑过。
People would question whether we are telling them the truth. 人们会质问我们是否向他们说了实话。

 question 用作动词还有 ”提问；讯问；审问“ 的意思。

例如：

The police questioned him for three hours before letting him go. 警察询问了他三个小时方让他离开。