Unit 6 When was it invented?

When was it invented? When was it invented? 它是什么时候发明的？

Section A

A 部分

Language Goal：Talk about the history of inventions Language Goal：Talk about the history of inventions 语言目标：谈论发明的历史


1a

Look at the things below. In what order do you think they were invented? Discuss them with your group. Then number them [1 - 4] (1 = first, 4 = last). Look at the things below. In what order do you think they were invented? Discuss them with your group. Then number them [1 - 4] (1 = first, 4 = last). 看看下面的东西。你认为它们是按什么顺序发明的？与小组讨论。然后给它们编号[1-4]（1=第一个，4=最后一个）。 对话 A：I think the TV was invented before the car.
B：Well, I think the TV was invented after the car. A：我认为电视是在汽车发明之前发明的。
B：嗯，我认为电视是在汽车之后发明的。


1b

Listen and match the inventions with the years. Listen and match the inventions with the years. 听录音，并将这些发明与年份相匹配。 录音对话 Alice  ：Was your life very difficult when you were a kid?
Grandma：Oh, not really. Why?
Alice  ：Well, you didn't have modern inventions like a telephone, right?
Grandma：Of course we did! How old do you think I am? The telephone was invented in 1876. You need to take a history class, Alice!
Alice  ：Haha! How about cars? They weren't invented yet, were they?
Grandma：Yes, they were. Cars were invented in 1885. My family had a car.
Alice  ：Well, did you have a TV?
Grandma：No, we couldn't afford one. They were expensive in those days. The TV was invented around 1927, I think.
Alice  ：Well, I know that you didn't have a computer, because we learned in school that personal computers were invented in 1971.
Grandma：You're right. But I have one now! 艾丽斯：你小时候的生活很艰难吗？
奶奶：哦，不是真的。为什么？
艾丽斯：嗯，你没有像电话这样的现代发明，对吧？
奶奶：当然啦！你觉得我多大了？电话发明于1876年。爱丽丝，你需要上历史课！
艾丽斯：哈哈！汽车怎么样？它们还没有被发明出来，是吗？
奶奶：是的。汽车是1885年发明的。我家有一辆车。
艾丽斯：嗯，你有电视吗？
奶奶：不，我们买不起。那时候它们很贵。我想电视是1927年左右发明的。
艾丽斯：嗯，我知道你没有电脑，因为我们在学校学到个人电脑是1971年发明的。
奶奶：你说得对。但我现在有一个！


1c

Student B, cover the dates. Student A, ask Student B when the things in the picture in 1b were invented. Then change roles and practice again. Student B, cover the dates. Student A, ask Student B when the things in the picture in 1b were invented. Then change roles and practice again. 学生 B，记下日期。学生 A，问学生B 1b 中图片中的东西是什么时候发明的。然后换个角色，重新练习。 对话 A：When was the telephone invented?
B：I think it was invented in 1876. A：电话是什么时候发明的？
B：我想它是在1876年发明的。


2a

Listen and number the inventions [1 - 3] in the order you hear them. Listen and number the inventions [1 - 3] in the order you hear them. 听录音，按照你听到的顺序给这些发明编号 [1-3]。 录音对话 Alex ：Hi, Carol. Wow, what are those?
Carol：Hello, Alex. Oh, these are some of the interesting inventions that I'm writing about for my English homework.
Alex ：I see ... What's that, then?
Carol：They're shoes with lights. You use them for seeing in the dark when you get up at night.
Alex ：Oh, that's a cool idea! I always hit my toe against something on the way to the bathroom at night.
Carol：Next is a special ice-cream scoop. This is my favorite invention. It runs on electricity and becomes hot.
Alex ：I know what it's for! It's used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Carol：Yes, that's right! The last invention I'm going to write about is shoes with special heels. You can move the heels up and down.
Alex ：What are they used for?
Carol：Well, you can change the style of your shoes. You can raise the heels if you are going to a party or lower them if you are just going out for shopping. 亚历克斯：嗨，卡罗尔。哇，那是什么？
卡罗尔：你好，亚历克斯。哦，这些是我为英语作业写的一些有趣的发明。
亚历克斯：我知道了。。。那是什么？
卡罗尔：它们是带灯的鞋子。你晚上起床时用它们在黑暗中看东西。
亚历克斯：哦，这主意真棒！晚上去洗手间的路上，我总是把脚趾撞到什么东西上。
卡罗尔：接下来是一个特别的冰淇淋勺。这是我最喜欢的发明。它靠电运行，然后变热。
亚历克斯：我知道它是干什么用的！它是用来供应非常冷的冰淇淋的。
卡罗尔：是的，没错！我要写的最后一个发明是带有特殊鞋跟的鞋子。你可以上下移动脚跟。
亚历克斯：它们是用来干什么的？
卡罗尔：好吧，你可以改变鞋子的款式。如果你要去参加聚会，你可以把鞋跟抬高，如果你只是出去购物，可以把鞋跟放低。 短语 _________ shoes with special heels
_________ shoes with lights
_________ hot ice-cream scoop, runs on electricity _________ 有特殊鞋跟的鞋
_________ 带灯的鞋子
_________ 热冰淇淋勺，通电


2b

Listen again and complete the chart below. Listen again and complete the chart below. 再听一遍，完成下面的图表。
Invention What is it / are they used for?
shoes with special heels _________ the style of the shoes
shoes with lights seeing _________
hot ice-cream scoop _________ really cold ice-cream


2c

Make conversations using the information in 2b. Make conversations using the information in 2b. 使用 2b 中的信息进行对话。 对话 A：What are they used for?
B：They're used for ... A：它们是用来做什么的？
B：它们被用来 ...


2d

Role-play the conversation. Role-play the conversation. 角色扮演对话。 对话 Paul：Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is "Small inventions that changed the world". Can you help me think of an invention?
Roy ：With pleasure! Let me think ... hmm ... I know! The zipper!
Paul：The zipper? Is it really such a great invention?
Roy ：Think about how often it's used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags ... almost everywhere!
Paul：Well, you do seem to have a point ...
Roy ：Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn't used widely.
Paul：Really? So when did it become popular?
Roy ：Around 1917. 保罗：嗨，罗伊，我学校项目的主题是“改变世界的小反转”。你能帮我想出一个发明吗？
罗伊：很高兴！让我想想 ... 嗯 ... 我知道！拉链！
保罗：拉链？这真的是一项伟大的发明吗？
罗伊：想想它在我们日常生活中的使用频率。你可以看到连衣裙、裤子、鞋子、包包上的拉链 ... 几乎无处不在！
保罗：嗯，你似乎有道理 ...
罗伊：当然！我考虑这个是因为上周我看到了一个网站。不同发明的先驱都列在那里。例如，它提到拉链是由惠特科姆·贾德森于 1893 年发明的。但在当时，它并没有被广泛使用。
保罗：真的吗？那么它是什么时候流行起来的呢？
罗伊：大约在1917年。


3a

Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. 快速阅读这篇文章，并将每一段内容与其大意相匹配。 短语 Paragraph 1 Lu Yun and his book Cha Jing
Paragraph 2 How tea spread to other countries
Paragraph 3 How tea was invented by accident 第一段 陆云及其著作《茶经》
第二段 茶是如何传到别国的
第三段 茶是怎样偶然发明的 短文

An Accidental Invention


Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world's favorite drinks was invented.

A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, "the sage of tea", mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.

It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn't appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.

一个偶然的发明


你知道茶，世界上最受欢迎的饮料 (仅次于水)，是偶然发明的吗？ 许多人认为大约5000年前人们第一次喝茶。 据说是一位名叫神农的中国统治者第一个发现茶是一种饮料。 一天，神农正在火上烧开饮用水。 茶树上的一些叶子掉到了水里，在水里呆了一段时间。 它散发出一股香味，所以他尝了尝棕色的水。 它非常美味，因此，世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一被发明了。

几千年后，“茶圣”鲁豫在《茶经》中提到神农。 这本书描述了茶树是如何种植和用来泡茶的。 它还讨论了最好的茶叶是在哪里生产的，用了什么样的水。

据信，茶在6世纪和7世纪被带到韩国和日本。 在英国，茶直到1660年左右才出现，但在不到100年的时间里，它就成为了国饮。 从中国到西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。 这有助于将茶和茶树传播到世界上更多的地方。 尽管现在很多人都知道茶文化，但中国人无疑是最了解茶的本质的人。


3b

Read the passage again and answer the questions. Read the passage again and answer the questions. 再读一遍并回答问题。 问题
  1. When was tea first drunk?
  2. How was tea invented?
  3. Who is called "the sage of tea"?
  4. What is *Cha Jing* about?
  5. When was tea brought to other countries?
  1. 第一次喝茶是什么时候？
  2. 茶是如何发明的？
  3. 谁被称为“茶圣”？
  4. 茶经是干什么的？
  5. 茶是什么时候被带到其他国家的？


3c

Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box. Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box. 用方框中动词的正确形式填空。 单词 invent   drink   bring   produce   trade 发明；饮料；带来；生产；贸易 短语
  1. One of the world's favorite drinks was _________ by accident.
  2. Tea was first _________ by Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago.
  3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
  4. Tea was _________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
  5. Tea is now _________ between many different countries.
  1. 世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一是偶然的 _________ 。
  2. 大约 5000 年前，神农首次发明了茶。
  3. 当茶叶掉到热水里时，有股好闻的气味。
  4. 在公元 6 世纪和 7 世纪，茶被运往朝鲜和日本。
  5. 茶现在在许多不同的国家之间流通。


Grammer Focus

语法重点
When was the zipper invented? It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by? It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea? It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
短语 Active Voice ：Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
Passive Voice：The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876. 主动语态：亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔于 1876 年发明了电话。
被动语态：电话是由亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔于 1876 年发明的。


4a

Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 用被动语态改写句子。 短语 1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
  The fridge was sold at a low price.
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
 _________
3. Where did you take these photos?
 _________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
 _________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
 _________ 1.他们把冰箱低价卖掉了。
 这台冰箱以低价售出。
2.有人从我酒店房间偷走了我的相机。
  _________
3.你在哪里拍的这些照片？
  _________
4.我们的父母劝我们不要一个人出去。
  _________
5.不同的作家把这本书翻译成不同的语言。
  _________


4b

Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. 用方框中动词的正确形式填空。 单词 eat   like   invite   tell   lock   ring   break   bring 吃；点赞；邀请；告诉；锁定；戒指；打断；带 … 到某处 短语
  1. You _________ to the party last night, weren't you? Why didn't you go?
  2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _________ to a safe place.
  3. The door _________ when we arrived, so we _________ the bell.
  4. The students _________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby _________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
  5. The cookies _________ by the hugry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _________ them.
  1. 你昨晚参加了聚会，是吗？你为什么不去？
  2. 地震发生得很突然，但幸运的是村民们逃到了安全的地方。
  3. 我们到达时门是 _________ ，所以我们 _________ 按了门铃。
  4. 学生们在课堂上不吃不喝，但Ruby在科学课上开始吃饼干时遵守了规则。
  5. 拥抱的孩子们在不到20分钟的时间里就把饼干 _________ 了，他们真的 _________ 了。


4c

Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct form in the blanks. Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct form in the blanks. 决定在这些句子中应该使用主动语态还是被动语态。在空白处写出正确的表格。 短语 The telphone _________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He _________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell _________ (work) on the invertion of the telephone with Thoms watson. In 1875, Mr. Bill _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to telephone. Finally, the telephone _________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was "Mr. Watson, come hera; I want to see you." Today the telephone _________ (use) around the world. 亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的电话 _________ 。他 _________ （生于）1847年。贝尔先生 _________ （工作）与 Thoms watson 的电话转接。1875年，贝尔 _________ 先生（学习）如何通过类似电话的乐器发送音符。最后，电话 _________ （发明）于1876年。贝尔先生在电话里说的第一句话是 “华生先生，来吧，我想见你。” 今天电话在世界各地使用。


Section B

B 部分


1a

The words in the box describe how food can taste. Write them under the correct pricture. Some pictures have more than one word. The words in the box describe how food can taste. Write them under the correct pricture. Some pictures have more than one word. 盒子里的单词描述了食物的味道。把它们写在正确的价格下。有些图片有多个单词。


1b

Write the name of a different food after each word. Write the name of a different food after each word. 在每个单词后面写下不同食物的名字。


1c

Listen and cricle T for the or F for false. Listen and cricle T for the or F for false. 听录音，用 T 表示正确，用 F 表示错误。 录音对话 Boy：Hey, did you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?
Girl：Really? What do you mean?
Boy：Well, here on the bag it says that they were invented by a cook called George Crum.
Girl：When was that?
Boy：Oh, it was back in 1853.
Girl：So, why was it an accident?
Boy：Well, one day, a customer came into the restaurant where George worked. He ordered a plate of fried potatoes. When the potatoes came, he said they were cut too thick and sent them back to the kitchen.
Girl：So what happened?
Boy：Well, George was angry, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin, and he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he put lots of salt on them so they were really salty. He thought the customer would hate them.
Girl：And?
Boy：And the customer loved them and asked for more. He told the other customers about them, and soon everyone was ordering thinly cut, crispy, salty potato chips.
Girl：And we're still eating them today. What a cool story! 男孩：嘿，你知道薯片是错误发明的吗？
女孩：真的吗？什么意思？
男孩：嗯，袋子上写着它们是由一位名叫乔治·克拉姆的厨师发明的。
女孩：那是什么时候？
男孩：哦，那是1853年的事了。
女孩：那么，为什么是意外呢？
男孩：嗯，有一天，一位顾客走进乔治工作的餐厅。他点了一盘炸土豆。土豆来的时候，他说土豆切得太厚了，就把它们送回了厨房。
女孩：那发生了什么事？
男孩：好吧，乔治很生气，所以他把土豆切得很薄，煮了很长时间，直到它们变脆。他在上面放了很多盐，所以它们真的很咸。他认为顾客会讨厌他们。
女孩：然后呢？
男孩：顾客很喜欢，还要求更多。他向其他顾客介绍了这些薯片，很快每个人都点了切成薄片、酥脆、咸的薯片。
女孩：我们今天还在吃。多酷的故事啊！ 短语
  1. Potato chips were invented by mistake.
  2. They were invented in 1863.
  3. The customer thought the potatoes were not thin enough.
  4. The customer said they were not salty enough.
  5. George wanted to make the customer happy.
  6. The customer was happy in the end.
  1. 薯片是错误发明的。
  2. 它们是 1863 年发明的。
  3. 客户觉得土豆不够薄。
  4. 客户表示不够咸。
  5. 乔治想让顾客高兴。
  6. 最后客户很满意。


1d

Listen again. Complete the sentences. Listen again. Complete the sentences. 再听一遍。完成句子。 短文

The History of Potato Chips


Do you know how potato chips were invented? Potato chips _________ by a cook called George Crum. They were invented in _________ . George Crum cut the potatoes really, really _________ and then cooked them for a long time until they were _________ . Finally he put lots of salt on them so they were _________ .

薯片的历史


你知道薯片是怎么发明的吗？土豆片 _________ 由一位名叫乔治·克鲁姆的厨师制作。它们是在 _________ 年发明的。乔治·克鲁姆把土豆切得非常非常 _________ ，然后煮了很长时间，直到它们变成 _________ 。最后他在上面放了很多盐，所以它们是 _________ 。


1e

Make a conversation about the invention of potato chips. Use the information in 1c and 1d. Make a conversation about the invention of potato chips. Use the information in 1c and 1d. 谈谈薯片的发明。使用 1c 和 1d 中的信息。 对话 A：Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake?
B：Wow, I didn't know that. Who invented them?
A：... A：你知道薯片是错误发明的吗？
B：哇，我不知道。是谁发明的？
A：...


2a

Do you like basketball? Do you watch basketball games? How much do you know about this sport? Discuss the sport with your partner and share your ideas with the class. Do you like basketball? Do you watch basketball games? How much do you know about this sport? Discuss the sport with your partner and share your ideas with the class. 你喜欢篮球吗？你看篮球比赛吗？你对这项运动了解多少？与你的同伴讨论这项运动，并与全班同学分享你的想法。


2b

Read the passage quickly. What is the main idea of each paragraph? Read the passage quickly. What is the main idea of each paragraph? 快读这篇文章。每一段的大意是什么？ 短语 MIND-MAPPING
Changing the information you read into a mind map may help you remember it more easily. 思维导图
把你读到的信息改成思维导图可以帮助你更容易地记住它。 短文

Do You Know When Basketball Was Invented?


Basketball is a much-loved and active sport that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise. It is over 100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries. It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21, 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.

Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When he was collage teacher, he was asked to think of a game that could be played in the winter. Dr. Naismith created a game to be played inside on a hard floor. Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them to play his new game. Players on the same team must work together to get the ball in the other team's basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.

Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. In China, you can sometimes see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become a popular sport to watch. Although America's NBA game are the most famous, the CBA games are becoming more popular in China. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. There are also more and more foreign players in the CBA. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.

你知道篮球是什么时候发明的吗？


篮球是一项备受喜爱和活跃的运动，许多人喜欢它来娱乐和锻炼身体。 它有100多年的历史，在200多个国家有超过1亿人玩。 人们认为历史上第一场篮球比赛是在1891年12月21日举行的。 然后在1936年的柏林奥运会上，它成为奥运会的一个项目。

篮球是由一位名叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的加拿大医生发明的，他出生于1861年。 当他还是大学老师的时候，他被要求想出一个可以在冬天玩的游戏。 奈史密斯博士发明了一种可以在室内硬地板上玩的游戏。 奈史密斯博士把他班上的男生分成两队，教他们玩他的新游戏。 同一队的队员必须共同努力把球投进对方的篮筐。 与此同时，他们需要阻止对手把球投进自己的篮筐。

今天，篮球在世界各地的普及程度已经上升，许多年轻人梦想成为著名的球员。 在中国，你有时可以看到人们在公园、学校甚至工厂打篮球。 篮球不仅成为一项受欢迎的运动，而且也成为一项受欢迎的运动。 虽然美国的 NBA 比赛是最著名的，但 CBA 比赛在中国也越来越受欢迎。 包括中国球员在内的外国球员在 NBA 的数量有所增加。 在 CBA 也有越来越多的外国球员。 许多年轻人都崇拜这些篮球英雄，并想成为他们那样的人。 这些明星鼓励年轻人努力工作，实现自己的梦想。


2c

Complete the mind map with the information in the passage. What else can you add to the mind map? Complete the mind map with the information in the passage. What else can you add to the mind map? 用短文中的信息完成思维导图。你还能在思维导图上添加什么？


2d

User the mind map to summarize what you and your partner remember aboiut the development of basketball. Use the following questions to help you. User the mind map to summarize what you and your partner remember aboiut the development of basketball. Use the following questions to help you. 使用思维导图来总结你和你的伴侣对篮球发展的记忆。使用以下问题来帮助您。 问题
  1. Who invented basketball and how is it played?
  2. When was the first basketball game in history played?
  3. Why were the Berlin Olympics important for basketball?
  4. What are the professional basketball groups in America and China?
  5. How popular is basketball?
  1. 谁发明了篮球，篮球是怎么打的？
  2. 历史上第一场篮球赛是什么时候举行的？
  3. 为什么柏林奥运会对篮球很重要？
  4. 美国和中国的职业篮球团体是什么？
  5. 篮球有多受欢迎？


2e

What do you think of famous basketball players? Make a list of good and difficult thing about being a famous basketball player. What do you think of famous basketball players? Make a list of good and difficult thing about being a famous basketball player. 你觉得著名的篮球运动员怎么样？列出成为一名著名篮球运动员的优点和难点。


3a

Think of something that you do not like to do. Then think of an invertion that could help you . Make notes Think of something that you do not like to do. Then think of an invertion that could help you . Make notes 想想你不喜欢做的事情。然后想想一个可以帮助你的反转。做笔记。 短语 Problem：quickly taking notes in class
New invention：a special pen
What it is used for：_________ 问题：在课堂上快速记笔记
新发明：一支特殊的钢笔
它的用途：_________


3b

Imagine you are a business person. Write a description of your new invention. Try to sell the invention to the class. Imagine you are a business person. Write a description of your new invention. Try to sell the invention to the class. 想象一下你是一个商人。写一篇关于你的新发明的描述。试着向全班推销这项发明。. 短语 This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. It has three colors and is used for ... 这种特殊的钢笔是刘杰发明的。它有三种颜色，用于 ...


Self Check

1、Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box. 1、Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box. 1、用方框中单词的正确形式填空。 单词 invent   doubt   mention   website   all of a sudden 发明；怀疑；提到；网站；突然地 短语 It is often difficult to decide on the invertor of certain inventions. This is because sometimes a few people my _________ things which are nearly the same. It's hard to tell who came up with the idea first. Some inventions can also lead to other inventions _________ . So some people _________ whether the inventor came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the inventor used someone else's idea to create his or her invention. That is why books or _________ usually _________ more than one inventor when giving information about inventions. 通常很难确定某些发明的发明者。这是因为有时一些人我的 _________ 东西几乎是一样的。很难说是谁先想出这个主意的。一些发明也会导致其他发明 _________ 。因此，有些人 _________ ，无论发明者是自己想出的主意。他们认为发明者利用别人的想法创造了自己的发明。这就是为什么书籍或 _________ 在提供发明信息时通常会有一个以上的发明者。
2、Rewrite these sentences using the passive voice. 2、Rewrite these sentences using the passive voice. 2、用被动语态改写这些句子。 短语
  1. Someone stole my watch.
  2. They used five eggs to make this big cake.
  3. When did they invent the personal computer?
  4. They asked us not to run in the hallway.
  5. Someone took the video back to the store.
  1. 有人偷了我的手表。
  2. 他们用五个鸡蛋做了这个大蛋糕。
  3. 他们什么时候发明了个人电脑？
  4. 他们叫我们不要在走廊里跑。
  5. 有人把视频带回了商店。
3、Find out information about an invention you would like to know more about and write sentences below. 3、Find out information about an invention you would like to know more about and write sentences below. 3、找出你想了解更多的发明信息，并在下面写下句子。 短语 Invention：_________
When：_________
Who：_________
Purpose：_________ 发明：_________
何时：_________
谁 ：_________
目的：_________


Words and Expressions

单词汉语词性
heel鞋跟；足跟n.
scoop铲子n.
electricity电；电能n.
style样式；款式n.
project项目；工程n.
pleasure高兴；愉快n.
zipper（= zip）拉链；拉锁n.
daily每日的；日常的adj.
have a point有道理
website网站n.
pioneer先锋；先驱n.
list列表；列清单
名单；清单		v. 列表；列清单
n. 名单；清单
mention提到；说道v.
accidental意外的；偶然的adj.
by accident偶然；意外地
ruler统治者；支配者n.
boil煮沸；烧开v.
remain保持不变；剩余v.
smell（smelt；smelled）气味
发出 ... 气味；闻到		n. 气味
v. 发出 ... 气味；闻到
sage圣人；智者n.
national国家的；民族的adj.
trade贸易；交易；
做买卖；从事贸易		n. 贸易；交易；
v. 做买卖；从事贸易
take place发生；出现
popularity受欢迎；普及n.
doubt疑惑；疑问
怀疑		n. 疑惑；疑问
v. 怀疑
without doubt毫无疑问；的确
fridge冰箱n.
low低的；矮的adj.
somebody某人
重要人物		pron. 某人
n. 重要人物
translate翻译v.
lock锁上；锁住
锁		v. 锁上；锁住
n. 锁
ring（rung）（使）发出钟声或铃声；打电话v.
earthquake地震n.
sudden突然（的）adj.
all of a sudden突然；猛地
bell钟（声）；铃（声）n.
biscuit饼干n.
cookie曲奇饼n.
musical音乐的；有音乐天赋的adj.
instrument器械；仪器；工具n.
crispy脆的；酥脆的adj.
salty咸的adj.
sour酸的；有酸味的adj.
by mistake错误地；无意中
customer顾客；客户n.
the Olympics奥林匹克运动会
Canadian加拿大的；加拿大人的
加拿大人		adj. 加拿大的；加拿大人的
n. 加拿大人
divide分开；分散v.
divide ... into把 ... 分开
basket篮；筐n.
not only ... but also ...不但 ... 而且 ...
look up to钦佩；仰慕
hero英雄；男主角n.
professional职业的；专业的adj.
nearly几乎adv.
Berlin柏林（德国城市）
NBA（National Basketball Association）国家篮球协会（美国职业篮球联赛）
CBA（China Basketball Association）中国篮球协会（中国职业篮球联赛）
Roy罗伊（男名）
Whitcomb惠特科姆 · 贾德森
Ruby鲁比（女名）
Thomas Watson托马斯 · 沃森
George乔治 · 克拉姆
James詹姆斯 · 奈史密斯


Notes on the Text

1. Well, you do seem to have a point … 嗯，看来你说的确实有点道理 …
 这句话中的助动词 do 放在动词 seen 前面主要用来加强语气，通常可译作 “的确；确实”。在谓语动词前添加助动词 do 表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中，类似的例子在本册第三单元中已出现。

又如：

I do hope you can come to my party. 我真的希望你能来参加我的聚会。

在英语中，have a point 通常指某人的说法或想法 “有道理”。

如：

Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice. 也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。

2. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。
 It is said that … 是一个常见句式，表示 “据说 …”，that 后面接完整的句子。

又如：

It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number in many Wesern countries. 据说在许多西方国家，13 是个不吉利的数字。

本单元还有一个类似的句式：It is believed that …，意思是 “人们认为 …”，其后同样接完整的句子。

例如：

It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. 人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传入到了朝鲜和日本。

3. Cha Jing《茶经》
 《茶经》是我国唐代一部有关茶叶及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共分三卷十节，全面叙述了茶叶生产的历史、源流、 生产技术以及饮茶技艺的茶道原理，享有 “茶叶百科全书” 之美誉。

4. In 1875, Mr. Bell learned how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. 1875年，贝尔先生学会用一种类似电话的器械发送乐符。
 musical note 意为 “乐符”。作为术语，在音乐主题下通常写作 note。如：high notes 为 “高音符”，low notes 为 “低音符”。

5. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players. 如今，许多年轻人都梦想成为著名的篮球运动员，篮球在世界各地也越来越普及。
 1）此处 today 用作副词，修饰整个句子，并非指具体的 “今天；今日”，而是表示当前的一段时间，相当于汉语 “如今；当今” 的意思，这与汉语 “今天” 一词的使用十分相似。

再如：

Today, only a few kinds of hese beautiful animals still live on the earth. 现今，这些美丽的动物只有少数几种还生活在地球上。
It seems to me that kids today depend more on their parents. 在我看来，如今的孩子更加依赖他们的父母。

 2）本句中，介绍 with 与在意义上有主谓关系的复合结构 **many young people dreaming of … **构成短语，用作状语。

6. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has increased. NBA 中的外国球员数量有所增加，其中也包括中国球员。
 1）此句主语的核心名词是 number，表示 “数量”，由于是单数形式，谓语动词需要与之相匹配，故为 has increased。语法上，人们将这种主语和谓语在数上的匹配称作 “主谓一致”。当主语为复数概念时，谓语动词用复数形式与之匹配；当主语为单数概念时，谓语动词则用单数形式。

例如：

People there are very friendly. 那里的人们十分友善。（people 为复数概念）
The United Nations is an international organization that tries to find peaceful solutions to world problems. 联合国是一个尝试寻求和平解决世界问题的国际组织。（the United Nations 是一个组织，为单数概念）

 2）短语 the number of … 意为 “… 的数量；… 的数目”，如：the number of students in the class（班级人数），the number of animals（动物的数量）。The number of … 用作主语时，其谓语动词应用单数形式。英语另外有 a number of … 短语，表示 “若干的；一些”，用来修饰可数名词，如：a number of students（一些学生），a number of mistakes（一些错误）。A number of … 用作主语时，其谓语动词应用复数形式。注意不要将两者混淆。

试比较：

The number of people killed in the accident hasn’t been announced yet. 这次事故中死亡的人数尚未公布。
A number of people are unhappy with this decision. 一些人对这项决定并不满意。